Devised by Judge Woolsey in ruling on United States v. One Book Entitled Ulysses, the Ulysses standard states that the obscenity of a book is determined by the effect of the book in its entirety on a person of average instincts.
Source: Hurwitz, Leon. Historical Dictionary of Censorship in the United States. Greenwood Press, 1985. (Call number R344.73 H87)
During the first half of the 20th century, books were suppressed under state obscenity laws, prohibited from transport by postal regulations, or blocked from import by tariffs. Suppression was most often based on a book's treatment of social issues or perceived obscenity, without consideration of literary merit.
Here are some examples of books supressed under these laws:
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